Incidence matrix

A method of representing a graph that indicates connections between incident elements of the graph (edges and vertices). The columns of the matrix correspond to edges, while rows correspond to vertices. A non-zero value in a matrix cell indicates a connection between a vertex and an edge (their incidence). If there is no connection between a vertex and an edge, then a "0" is placed in the corresponding cell.

In the case of a directed graph, each arc is represented in the corresponding column by: 1 in the row of vertex x and -1 in the row of vertex y.